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KMID : 1007420140120030173
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Mood and Emotion
2014 Volume.12 No. 3 p.173 ~ p.179
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Psychosocial Factors Associated with Suicidal Attempts and Ideations in Adolescents
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Kim Kyung-Min
Yoon Bo-Hyun
Park Su-Hee
Kim Do-Hyung
Shee Young-Hwa
Song Je-Heon
Lee Ji-Seon
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Abstract
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Objectives : Suicide in adolescence rapidly increases after age of 15, and it is most common cause of death at that age period. The aim of this study was to examine the psychosocial factors influencing suicidal attempts or suicidal ideation in adolescents.
Method : A total of 4338 school adolescents (male 2,216, female 2,122) in Jeollanam-do province were involved. Suicidal attempt or suicidal ideation groups were divided according to a respondent answered ‘yes’ to the question about experience of suicidal attempt or thought. We evaluated sociodemographic factors using self-reporting questionnaire. Students were asked to complete the Beck Suicidal Ideation Inventory (BSII), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Global Assessment of Recent Stress (GARS), Dysfunctional Impulsivity Scale (DIS), Self-Esteem Scale (SES) and Resilience Test (RT) to assess the psychosocial factors affecting suicidal attempt or ideation.
Results : Of the 4338 students, 220 (5%) reported past suicidal attempts and 1193 (27%) reported their experiences of suicidal ideation. Girls more significantly reported suicidal attempts and suicidal ideations than boys. Age differences were found that middle school students more reported only suicidal attempts than high school students. The scores of BDI, BSII, GARS, DIS and SES were significantly higher in the suicidal attempt group than those of suicidal ideation group, and also the scores of the suicidal ideation group were higher than those of the control group. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that gender, family satisfaction, depression, stress and self-esteem were significantly associated with both suicidal attempt and ideation. School grade, socioeconomic status and impulsivity were also significantly correlated with suicidal attempt. Middle-school students, high socioeconomic status and depression were reported as the risk factors of suicidal attempt in the suicidal ideation group.
Conclusion : Because so many adolescents commonly think about suicide, it is very important to understand characteristic of high suicide risk adolescents and manage them appropriately. We found some factors associated with adolescent suicide. Depression is the strongest predictor for suicide. Gender, school grade, socioeconomic status and family satisfaction were also correlated of suicide. In addition, self-esteem and resilience reported as the protective factors against suicide. This study suggests that the intensive and multidimensional approaches in the area of school education and adolescent suicide prevention program are necessary due to various psychosocial factors influencing suicidal ideation and attempts.
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KEYWORD
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Adolescents, Suicidal attempt, Suicidal ideation, Psychosocial factors
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